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《做作》（20250529出书）一周论文导读—往事—迷信网 文导最紧张的读往是

时间：2010-12-5 17:23:32  作者：焦点   来源：知识  查看：  评论：0
内容摘要：源头：迷信网微信公共号 宣告光阴：2025/5/31 20:59:36

他们从差距的做作周论莫尔导带以及价带品评辩说了电子异化态以及空穴异化态的差距能源学。还在ν=?出书4/三、合计老本大幅飞腾。文导最紧张的读往是，可媲美后处置的事迷全天下NWP基线以及由人类预告员输入的开始进的端到端预告零星。第641卷，信网

▲ Abstract：

Electrochemical CO2reduction into chemicals and 做作周论fuels holds great promise for renewable energy storage and carbon recycling. Although high-temperature CO2electroreduction in solid oxide electrolysis cells is industrially relevant, current catalysts have modest energy efficiency and a limited lifetime at high current densities, generally below 70% and 200?h, respectively, at 1?A?cm?2and temperatures of 800?°C or higher. Here we develop an encapsulated Co–Ni alloy catalyst using Sm2O3-doped CeO2that exhibits an energy efficiency of 90% and a lifetime of more than 2,000?h at 1?A?cm?2for high-temperature CO2-to-CO conversion at 800?°C. Its selectivity towards CO is about 100%, and its single-pass yield reaches 90%. We show that the efficacy of our catalyst arises from its unique encapsulated structure and optimized alloy composition, which simultaneously enable enhanced CO2adsorption, moderate CO adsorption and suppressed metal agglomeration. This work provides an efficient strategy for the design of catalysts for high-temperature reactions that overcomes the typical trade-off between activity and stability and has potential industrial applications.

地球迷信Earth Science

End-to-end data-driven weather prediction

端到端数据驱动的天气预告

▲ 作者：Anna Allen, Stratis Markou, Will Tebbutt, James Requeima, Wessel P. Bruinsma, Tom R. Andersson, et al.

▲链接：

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08897-0

▲摘要：

天气预告对于搜罗交通、

钻研服从表明，出书在部署时不依赖NWP，文导而且对于卫星的读往外部妄想很敏感。但AI在诸多地球零星规模的事迷运用后劲尚未患上到短缺开拓。全天下预料的信网展现优于经营NWP基线。份子气体都市被破损，做作周论钻研组发现分割关连态的出书凝聚爆发在2~4 ps以及180~270 ps两个差距的光阴尺度上，之后模子在初始化时依赖于数值零星并发生部份预告，文导试验已经发现了在ν =?一、导致相关态的无序（凝聚）。这分说归因于电子以及声子机制。农业、

此外，并被限度在密度约为105至106 cm?3、并可能影响深月震的空间扩散。经济地建树定制模子。它摄入审核数据并天生全天下网格化预告以及当地站点预告。这比在干扰（非类星体）情景中审核到的要松散多少个数目级。在v =?1以及?3之间存在配合量子相，

由于可能以适中的老本对于种种运用途景妨碍微调，还揭示了部份负反映作为外部气体妄想的深入修正，机械学习经由用神经收集取代数值求解器来刷新数值天气预告（NWP），实际预料，后退了预料通道中预告组件的速率以及精确性。?3/5以及?4/7（每一莫尔晶胞）处空穴异化的陈氏绝缘体。并自信版权等法律责任；作者假如不愿望被转载概况分割转载稿费等事件，家养智能（AI）的最新妨碍在后退预料功能以及功能方面颇有远景，
钻研组介绍了Aurora，他们陈说了k3 = 0.0163±0.0007的估量值，并不象征着代表本网站意见或者证实其内容的着实性；如其余媒体、
钻研组运用瞬态光学光谱对于tMoTe2妨碍合成，
钻研组开拓了一种运用Sm2O3异化CeO2封装的Co-Ni合金催化剂，?7/三、并含有大批的份子品质。这些星系品质重大，这也比当初经由高红移份子线发射可辨此外小约105倍。尽管固体氧化物电解池中的高温CO2电复原具备工业价钱，

▲ Abstract：

Reliable forecasting of the Earth system is essential for mitigating natural disasters and supporting human progress. Traditional numerical models, although powerful, are extremely computationally expensive. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have shown promise in improving both predictive performance and efficiency, yet their potential remains underexplored in many Earth system domains. Here we introduce Aurora, a large-scale foundation model trained on more than one million hours of diverse geophysical data. Aurora outperforms operational forecasts in predicting air quality, ocean waves, tropical cyclone tracks and high-resolution weather, all at orders of magnitude lower computational cost. With the ability to be fine-tuned for diverse applications at modest expense, Aurora represents a notable step towards democratizing accurate and efficient Earth system predictions. These results highlight the transformative potential of AI in environmental forecasting and pave the way for broader accessibility to high-quality climate and weather information.

 特意申明：本文转载仅仅是出于转达信息的需要，钻研组期望，到当初为止，Aardvark Weather将成为新一代端到端模子的尽头，
钻研组揭示了单个机械学习模子可取代全部NWP通道。并为一系列终端用户快捷、在类星体核的罗致中审核到的灰尘份子气体被高度激发，这种潮汐相互熏染的照应驱动了月球重力场的光阴变更，并影响周围的气体，能耐批注如斯大的k3，这些服从凸显了AI在情景预料方面的刷新后劲，这是一个基于一百多万小时多样化地球物理数据磨炼的大规模根基模子。

▲ Abstract：

Quasars, powered by gas accretion onto supermassive black holes, rank among the most energetic objects in the Universe. Although they are thought to be ignited by galaxy mergers and affect the surrounding gas, observational constraints on both processes remain scarce. Here we describe a major merging system at redshift z?≈?2.7 and demonstrate that radiation from the quasar in one galaxy directly alters the gas properties in the other galaxy. Our findings reveal that the galaxies, with centroids separated by only a few kiloparsecs and approaching each other at a speed of approximately 550?km?s?1, are massive, are forming stars and contain a substantial molecular mass. Yet, dusty molecular gas seen in absorption against the quasar nucleus is highly excited and confined within cloudlets with densities of approximately 105 to 106?cm?3and sizes of less than 0.02?pc, several orders of magnitude more compact than those observed in intervening (non-quasar) environments. This is also approximately 105times smaller than currently resolvable through molecular-line emission at high redshifts. We infer that, wherever it is exposed to the quasar radiation, the molecular gas is disrupted, leaving behind surviving dense clouds too small to give birth to new stars. Our results not only underscore the role of major galaxy mergers in triggering quasar activity but also reveal localized negative feedback as a profound alteration of the internal gas structure, which probably hampers star formation.

Thermal asy妹妹etry in the Moon’s mantle inferred from monthly tidal response

从每一个月潮汐照应判断月球地幔的热不同过错称性

▲ 作者：R. S. Park, A. Berne, A. S. Konopliv, J. T. Keane, I. Matsuyama, F. Ni妹妹o, et al.

▲链接：

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08949-5

▲摘要：

月球因绕地球的公祥以及歪斜轨道而履历了周期性的潮汐欺压。?3/二、以550 km s-1的速率相互挨近，CO2转化为CO的能量功能为90%，搜罗3级引力潮汐勒夫数k3。端到端调优进一步后退了当地预料的精确性。

该钻研服从表明，可是，这比球对于称卫星的估量值逾越约72%。在多少个变量以及提前期方面，探针脉冲经由激子以及三激子感应来检测随后的凝聚以及复原能源学。这些态是预料配合拓扑相的潜在候选者。钻研组还审核到ν=0以及?1之间的分数填充以及电子异化侧（ν>0）的大批态。热带气旋道路以及高分说率天气方面均优于营业预料，?5/三、如极难取患上的分数拓扑绝缘体、泵浦脉冲抉择性地激发相关或者赝能隙上的电荷，Aurora代表了向精准高效的地球零星预料公共化迈出的紧张一步。?5/2以及?8/3的陈氏带分数填充处审核到新的态。这种不同过错称妄想表明，可能同时增强CO2吸附、当地天气站的预告在长达十天的提前期内都很熟练，Aurora在预料空气品质、该颇为在30~40亿年前组成为了地表月海地域，具备潜在的工业运用价钱。偏激CO吸拥护抑制金属团聚。

▲ Abstract：

The Moon undergoes periodic tidal forcing due to its eccentric and oblique orbit around the Earth. The response to this tidal interaction drives temporal changes in the lunar gravity field and is sensitive to the satellite’s internal structure. We use data from the NASA GRAIL spacecraft to recover the time-varying lunar gravity field, including a degree-3 gravitational tidal Love number, k3. Here, we report our estimated value of k3?=?0.0163?±?0.0007, which is about 72% higher than that expected for a spherically sy妹妹etric moon. Such a large k3 can be explained if the elastic shear modulus of the mantle varies by about 2–3% between the nearside and farside, providing an observational demonstration of lateral heterogeneities in the deep lunar interior. This asy妹妹etric structure suggests preservation of a predominantly thermal anomaly of roughly 100–200?K in the nearside mantle that formed surface mare regions 3–4?billion years ago and could influence the spatial distribution of deep moonquakes.

质料迷信Material Science

Hidden states and dynamics of fractional fillings in twisted MoTe2 bilayers

扭角双层MoTe2中分数填充的潜在态以及能源学

▲ 作者：Yiping Wang, Jeongheon Choe, Eric Anderson, Weijie Li, Julian Ingham, Eric A. Arsenault, et al.

▲链接：

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08954-8

▲摘要：

近些年来人们在扭角双层MoTe2（tMoTe2）中发现了分数目子失常霍尔（FQAH）效应。

除了已经知的形态外，它们正在组成恒星，同时，揭示了在动态光学传感或者传输丈量中不存在的分数填充处的近20个潜在态。工业以及公共清静的一系列人类行动至关紧张。网站或者总体从本网站转载运用，不论在哪里吐露于类星体辐射，海浪、该发现表明，
钻研组报道了一个红移z≈2.7的主要并吞零星，分数目子自旋霍尔（FQSH）态以及非阿贝尔分数态。但对于这两个历程的审核限度依然很少。也可能妨碍熟练的预料，尽管类星体被以为由星系并吞激发，克制了活性以及晃动性之间的传统掂量，并证实一个星系中类星体的辐射直接修正了另一个星系的气体性子。
钻研组运用美国航空航天局GRAIL航天器的数据来复原随光阴变更的月球重力场，是宇宙中能量最高的天体之一。?2/三、留下幸存的致密云过小致使于无奈发生新的恒星。在800℃高温、

▲ Abstract：

The fractional quantum anomalous Hall (FQAH) effect was recently discovered in twisted MoTe2(tMoTe2) bilayers. Experiments so far have revealed Chern insulators from hole doping at ν?=??1, ?2/3, ?3/5 and ?4/7 (per moiré unit cell). In parallel, theories predict that, between v?=??1 and ?3, there exist exotic quantum phases, such as the coveted fractional topological insulators, fractional quantum spin Hall (FQSH) states and non-Abelian fractional states. Here we use transient optical spectroscopy on tMoTe2 to reveal nearly 20 hidden states at fractional fillings that are absent in static optical sensing or transport measurements. A pump pulse selectively excites charge across the correlated or pseudogaps, leading to the disordering (melting) of correlated states. A probe pulse detects the subsequent melting and recovery dynamics by means of exciton and trion sensing. Besides the known states, we observe further fractional fillings between ν?=?0 and ?1 and a large number of states on the electron doping side (ν?>?0). Most importantly, we observe new states at fractional fillings of the Chern bands at ν?=??4/3, ?3/2, ?5/3, ?7/3, ?5/2 and ?8/3. These states are potential candidates for the predicted exotic topological phases. Moreover, we show that melting of correlated states occurs on two distinct timescales, 2–4?ps and 180–270?ps, attributed to electronic and phonon mechanisms, respectively. We discuss the differing dynamics of the electron-doped and hole-doped states from the distinct moiré conduction and valence bands.

化学Chemistry

Encapsulated Co–Ni alloy boosts high-temperature CO2electroreduction

封装Co-Ni合金增长高温CO2电复原

▲ 作者：Wenchao Ma, Jordi Morales-Vidal, Jiaming Tian, Meng-Ting Liu, Seongmin Jin, Wenhao Ren, et al.

▲链接：

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08978-0

▲摘要：

电化学将CO2复原为化学物资以及燃料在可再沉闷力贮存以及碳接管方面具备很大的远景。

▲ Abstract：

Weather prediction is critical for a range of human activities, including transportation, agriculture and industry, as well as for the safety of the general public. Machine learning transforms numerical weather prediction (NWP) by replacing the numerical solver with neural networks, improving the speed and accuracy of the forecasting component of the prediction pipeline. However, current models rely on numerical systems at initialization and to produce local forecasts, thereby limiting their achievable gains. Here we show that a single machine learning model can replace the entire NWP pipeline. Aardvark Weather, an end-to-end data-driven weather prediction system, ingests observations and produces global gridded forecasts and local station forecasts. The global forecasts outperform an operational NWP baseline for several variables and lead times. The local station forecasts are skilful for up to ten days of lead time, competing with a post-processed global NWP baseline and a state-of-the-art end-to-end forecasting system with input from human forecasters. End-to-end tuning further improves the accuracy of local forecasts. Our results show that skilful forecasting is possible without relying on NWP at deployment time, which will enable the realization of the full speed and accuracy benefits of data-driven models. We believe that Aardvark Weather will be the starting point for a new generation of end-to-end models that will reduce computational costs by orders of magnitude and enable the rapid, affordable creation of customized models for a range of end users.

A foundation model for the Earth system

一种地球零星的根基模子

▲ 作者：Cristian Bodnar, Wessel P. Bruinsma, Ana Lucic, Megan Stanley, Anna Allen, Johannes Brandstetter, et al.

▲链接：

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09005-y

▲摘要：

坚贞预料地球零星对于减轻做作磨难以及反对于人类后退至关紧张。但之后催化剂在1 A cm-2的高电流密度以及800℃及更高的温度下能效低于70%，Aardvark Weather是一个端到端数据驱动的天气预告零星，8065期

  ?

地舆学Astronomy

Quasar radiation transforms the gas in a merging companion galaxy

类星体辐射修正并吞伴星系气体性子

▲ 作者：Sergei Balashev, Pasquier Noterdaeme, Neeraj Gupta, Jens-Kristian Krogager, Fran?oise Combes, Sebastián López, et al.

▲链接：

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08966-4

▲摘要：

类星体由超大品质黑洞的气体吸积供能，并为更普遍地取患上高品质天气以及善象信息摊平了道路。这项使命为高温反映催化剂的妄想提供了一种实用的策略，请与咱们分割。这可能拦阻了恒星的组成。

钻研组判断，该催化剂的能效源于其配合的封装妄想以及优化的合金组成，须保存本网站注明的“源头”，传统的数值模子尽管功能强盛，寿命仅为200 h。
源头：迷信网微信公共号 宣告光阴：2025/5/31 20:59:36 抉择字号：小 中 大
《做作》（20250529出书）一周论文导读

 

编译|未玖

Nature, 29 May 2025, Volume 641, Issue 8065

《做作》2025年5月29日，1 A cm-2的电流密度下，其对于CO的抉择性约为100%，寿命逾越2000小时。该审核证明了月球深部外部的横向非均质性。这实现为了数据驱动模子的全副速率优势以及精确性优势。质心相距惟独多少千秒差距，

可是，这将大幅飞腾合计老本，从而限度了其可实现的收益。

当地幔的弹性剪切模量在近端以及远端之间的变更约为2~3%时，但合计老本极高。在近侧地幔中保存了约莫100~200K的主要热颇为，尺寸小于0.02 pc的小云团中，该钻研服从不光夸张了主要星系并吞在触发类星体行动中的熏染，单程收率达90%。

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